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Effect of sperm penetration in vitro on completion of first meiosis by bovine oocytes arrested at various stages in culture

Summary. Bovine oocytes cultured for 12–20 h in TC-199 were incubated for 24 h in fertilization medium, Brackett and Oliphant medium with bovine serum albumin (10 mg ml^–1), caffeine (5 mmol l^–1) and heparin (10 µg ml^–1), with or without frozenthawed spermatozoa. High penetration rates (93–96%) and significantly (P < 0·001) higher maturation rates were obtained in oocytes incubated with (93–100%) than without (62–72%) spermatozoa. However, when oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage were cultured for 44 h in fertilization medium, maturation of oocytes to metaphase II was reduced. However, all oocytes that were first cultured for 20 h and further for 24 h with spermatozoa were penetrated and 40% of the penetrated oocytes reached metaphase II. All of the remaining oocytes that did not mature arrested at the stages of condensed germinal vesicle (39%) or prometaphase I (22%). These results indicate that oocytes at metaphase I at and after sperm penetration are stimulated by sperm penetration to complete maturation.

Keywords: oocytes; meiotic maturation; sperm penetration; cow

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