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Histamine formation by mouse preimplantation embryos

Summary. Mouse embryos recovered on the 4th day of pregnancy produced histamine, as evidenced by the¹⁴CO₂ produced from carboxy labelled L-histidine, at the rate of 1·5 ± 0·3 (s.e.m.) pmol/embryo per hour. Most (83·2 ± 4·6%) of the embryos flushed from the oviducts on Day 3 of pregnancy (4–8-cell stage) developed into blastocysts within 48 h after being placed in culture. Inclusion of L-histidine hydrochloride (4·7 x 10^–4 M) in the culture medium did not alter this development but DL--methylhistidine (3·8 x 10^–4 M), an inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, reduced the number of embryos developing into blastocysts to only 10·8 ± 6·8%. A combination of L-histidine and DL--methylhistidine in the medium prevented the growth-retarding effect of the latter compound. The results indicate that mouse embryos can produce histamine and suggest that this is necessary for normal development.

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