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Prolactin and the control of gonadotrophin secretion in the female

It is not intended that this paper should present an exhaustive review of the literature concerning the interaction between prolactin and gonadotrophin release. Rather it is hoped that it will present a more critical analysis of some of the areas where prolactin appears to be involved or at least associated with alterations in the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). To this end, it is first necessary to review briefly the hypothalamic control of prolactin and gonadotrophin secretion followed by an appraisal of the relationship between prolactin and gonadotrophin secretion during the normal oestrous and menstrual cycle. Finally, consideration will be given to the role of hyperprolactinaemia in gonadotrophin secretion, an area which has recently received much attention.