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Acrosome damage of ram spermatozoa during dilution, cooling and freezing

Although a fertilization rate similar to that of fresh semen has been obtained with frozen ram semen (Colas, 1975), a low lambing rate is reported in the majority of the studies so far published (Salamon & Visser, 1974). The low fertility of the frozen ram semen has been attributed to a failure of sperm transport in the female (Lightfoot & Salamon, 1970), to a reduced viability of the spermatozoa in the genital tract of the ewe (Mattner, Entwistle & Martin, 1969), or, at least in part, to the acrosomal damage caused by freezing (Watson & Martin, 1972).