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Effect of temperature and relative humidity on plasma and gonadal testosterone concentrations in camels (Camelus dromedarius)

The breeding seasons of camels vary geographically (see Novoa, 1970), suggesting that environmental factors affect the temporal pattern of reproduction in these species. Gomes, Butler & Johnson (1971) found that a high ambient temperature had the effect of reducing testosterone production in the ram and it therefore seemed possible that the effect of the environment in the reproductive cycle of the camel was a consequence of thermal stress. In the present study the ambient temperature (20–30°C) was only moderate but the concomitant high humidity would have increased the thermal stress for an animal whose normal habitat is a hot arid environment.