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Fate of centrosomes following somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in bovine oocytes

¹ State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China, ² College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China, ³ Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA and ⁴ Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA

Correspondence should be addressed to L Liu Email: liutelom{at}yahoo.com

Cloning mammalians by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) remains inefficient. A majority of clones produced by SCNT fail to develop properly and of those which do survive, some exhibit early aging, premature death, tumors, and other pathologies associated with aneuploidy. Alterations of centrosomes are linked to aberrant cell cycle progression, aneuploidy, and tumorigenesis in many cell types. It remains to be determined how centrosomes are remodeled in cloned bovine embryos. We show that abnormalities in either distribution and/or number of centrosomes were evident in approximately 50% of reconstructed embryos following SCNT. Moreover, centrosome abnormalities and failed ‘pronuclear’ migration which manifested during the first cell cycle coincided with errors in spindle morphogenesis, chromosome alignment, and cytokinesis. By contrast, nuclear mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA) exhibited normal expression patterns at metaphase spindle poles and in ‘pronucleus’ during interphase. The defects in centrosome remodeling and ‘pronuclear’ migration could lead to chromosome instability and developmental failures associated with embryo production by SCNT. Addressing these fundamental problems may enhance production of normal clones.

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